Upper montane forest

The fourteenth study site of the expedition was conducted between 10th and 19th November 2017, in the upper montane forest, in the Chullo area of Keara. The sampling area was located on an altitudinal gradient between 2,380 to 3,100 m a.s.l., with high mountains, and streams and small rivers.

The forest is dominated by small and medium-sized trees, with occasional taller trees (>25 m). Epiphytes were abundant, and as the altitude increased, mosses became predominant.

In total, 143 species of plants, 94 species and subspecies of diurnal butterflies and 140 species of vertebrates were recorded, of which 80 are new species for Madidi, 2 for Bolivia and 14 possible new records for science.